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Abbas Hilmi ['Abbās Ḥilmi] II (1874–1944), last khedive of Egypt  

Michael T. Thornhill

Abbas Hilmi ['Abbās Ḥilmi] II (1874–1944), last khedive of Egypt, was born on 14 July 1874 in Alexandria, Egypt, the son of Muhammad Tawfiq (1852–1892), sixth ruler of Egypt under the dynasty founded in 1811 by his great-great-grandfather Mehmet Ali, and Princess Emine Hanem...

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Cover Abbas Hilmi II (1874–1944)

Abbas Hilmi II (1874–1944)  

Maker: Dittrich

In 

Abbas Hilmi II (1874–1944) by Dittrich, pubd 1900 © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Abdul Rahman, Tunku (1902–1990), prime minister of Malaysia  

A. J. Stockwell

Abdul Rahman, Tunku (1902–1990), prime minister of Malaysia, was born in Alor Setar, Kedah (a Malay state then under British ‘protection’), on 8 February 1902, the seventh son of Abdul Hamid Halim Shah, sultan of Kedah (fl. 1882–1943), and his Thai wife, ...

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Cover Abdul Rahman, Tunku (1902–1990)

Abdul Rahman, Tunku (1902–1990)  

Maker: unknown photographer

In 

Tunku Abdul Rahman (1902–1990) by unknown photographer, pubd 1959 © reserved

Article

Abdul Razak bin Hussein, Tun (1922–1976), prime minister of Malaysia  

Cheah Boon Kheng

Abdul Razak bin Hussein, Tun (1922–1976), prime minister of Malaysia, was born in Pulau Keladi in the state of Pahang (a Malay state then under British ‘protection’), on 11 March 1922. Descended from a line of Bugis chieftains who had emigrated from Sulawesi...

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Abdulla, Raficq Shaik (1940–2019), scholar, broadcaster, and legal adviser  

Khizar Humayun Ansari

Abdulla, Raficq Shaik (1940–2019), scholar, broadcaster, and legal adviser, was born on 29 June 1940 in Durban, South Africa, the son of Shaik Abdulla, an Indian landowner and businessman of Hyderabadi origin, based in Durban, and his wife Mosida Ismail, née Abraham, a doctor, from a ...

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Cover Abdulla, Raficq Shaik (1940–2019)

Abdulla, Raficq Shaik (1940–2019)  

Maker: unknown

In 

Raficq Abdulla (1940–2019), by unknown photographer

Courtesy of M. M. Keshavjee/Francesco Cincotta

Article

Abdullah ibn Hussein ['Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn] (1882–1951), emir of Transjordan and founder of the Hashemite kingdom of Jordan  

Michael T. Thornhill

Abdullah ibn Hussein ['Abd Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn] (1882–1951), emir of Transjordan and founder of the Hashemite kingdom of Jordan, was born in February 1882 in Mecca in the Ottoman province of Hejaz. He was the second of three sons of Hussein ibn Ali...

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Abdurahman, Abdullah (1872–1940), political leader and physician  

Bill Nasson

Abdurahman, Abdullah (1872–1940), political leader and physician, was born on 18 December 1872 in Wellington, a country town in south-western Cape Colony, the eldest son of the nine children of Abdul Arraman (also known as Rahman), small trader and civic figure, who was a patron of ...

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Abu al-Hasan [Abū'l-Ḥasan] [known as Mirza Abu al-Hasan Shirazi] (1776–1846), diplomatist for Persia  

Denis Wright

Abu al-Hasan [Abū'l-Ḥasan] [known as Mirza Abu al-Hasan Shirazi] (1776–1846), diplomatist for Persia, was born in Shiraz, the second son of Mirza Muhammad Ali, a high-ranking Persian court official. His mother was also closely connected with the court through her brother, ...

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Abu Bakar [Abu Bakar ibni al-Marhum Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim] (1833–1895), sultan of Johore sultan of Johore  

A. J. Stockwell

Abu Bakar [Abu Bakar ibni al-Marhum Dato Temenggong Sri Maharaja Tun Ibrahim] (1833–1895), sultan of Johore, was born in Teluk Belanga, Singapore, most probably on 3 February 1833, the eldest son of Daing Ibrahim (1810–1862) and his first wife, Encik Ngah (also known as Tengku Andak)...

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Abu Bakar (1833–1895) by unknown photographer © reserved

Article

Aga Khan [Mohammed Shah] III (1877–1957), leader of the Ismailis  

Gilbert Laithwaite

revised by Francis Robinson

Aga Khan [Mohammed Shah] III (1877–1957), leader of the Ismailis, was born in Karachi on 2 November 1877, a member of the ruling Qajar dynasty in Persia, the son of Aga Ali Shah, Aga Khan II (d. 1885), and Shams al-Muluk, known as ...

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Cover Aga Khan III (1877–1957)

Aga Khan III (1877–1957)  

Maker: Dorothy Wilding

In 

Aga Khan III (1877–1957) by Dorothy Wilding, c. 1953 © Tom Hustler / National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Ahmad Khan, Sir Saiyid [Syed Ahmed Khan] (1817–1898), Muslim leader in India  

Francis Robinson

Ahmad Khan, Sir Saiyid [Syed Ahmed Khan] (1817–1898), Muslim leader in India, was born on 17 October 1817 in Khwaja Farid's haveli (mansion) near the Tiraha Bahram Khan in Delhi, the youngest of the three children (two boys and one girl) of ...

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Cover Akbar, Shireen Nishat (1944–1997)

Akbar, Shireen Nishat (1944–1997)  

Maker: unknown photographer

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Shireen Nishat Akbar (1944–1997) by unknown photographer [third from left, in the Nehru Gallery of Indian Art, Victoria and Albert Museum] V&A Images, The Victoria and Albert Museum

Article

Akbar [née Hasib], Shireen Nishat (1944–1997), educationist  

Julie Cornish

Akbar [née Hasib], Shireen Nishat (1944–1997), educationist, was born on 30 July 1944 in Calcutta, India, the daughter of F. A. Hasib and Selina Hasib, who also had two sons. Among her forebears was Begum Rokeya Hossain (1880–1932), an early worker for women's emancipation in ...

Article

Al-Nahas, Mustafa (1879–1965), prime minister of Egypt  

Michael T. Thornhill

Al-Nahas, Mustafa (1879–1965), prime minister of Egypt, was born on 15 June 1879 in Samanud, in the Gharbiyya province of Egypt's Nile delta, where his father was a timber merchant. He attended the Khedival Secondary School in Cairo between 1891 and 1896, and graduated from the ...

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Cover Ali, Abdullah Yusuf (1872–1953)

Ali, Abdullah Yusuf (1872–1953)  

Maker: Lafayette

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Abdullah Yusuf Ali (1872–1953) by Lafayette, 1930 © National Portrait Gallery, London

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Cover Ali, Abdullah Yusuf (1872–1953)

Ali, Abdullah Yusuf (1872–1953)  

Maker: Lafayette

In 

Abdullah Yusuf Ali (1872–1953) by Lafayette, 1930 © National Portrait Gallery, London