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Abercromby, James, first Baron Dunfermline (1776–1858), speaker of the House of Commons  

T. F. Henderson

revised by H. C. G. Matthew

Abercromby, James, first Baron Dunfermline (1776–1858), speaker of the House of Commons, the third son of General Sir Ralph Abercromby (1734–1801), and his wife, Mary Anne, née Menzies, was born on 7 November 1776. Sir John Abercromby and Alexander Abercromby, both army officers, were his brothers. ...

Article

Adam, John (1779–1825), administrator in India  

Katherine Prior

Adam, John (1779–1825), administrator in India, was the eldest son of William Adam (1751–1839) and Eleanora Elphinstone (1749–1808), second daughter of Charles, tenth Baron Elphinstone. His brothers included Charles Adam, naval officer, and Frederick William Adam, who served in the army. He was born in ...

Article

Adam, William Patrick (1823–1881), politician and administrator in India  

Sidney Lee

revised by H. C. G. Matthew

Adam, William Patrick (1823–1881), politician and administrator in India, was the elder son of Admiral Sir Charles Adam (1780–1853) of Blairadam, Kinross. His mother was Elizabeth (d. 1871), daughter of Patrick Brydone, FRS. Born at Ancrum, Roxburghshire, on 14 September 1823, Adam...

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Cover Adam, William Patrick (1823–1881)

Adam, William Patrick (1823–1881)  

Maker: John Moffat

In 

William Patrick Adam (1823–1881) by John Moffat © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Alexander, Sir Kenneth John Wilson [Ken] (1922–2001), economist, university administrator, and public servant  

Ian A. Olson

Alexander, Sir Kenneth John Wilson [Ken] (1922–2001), economist, university administrator, and public servant, was born on 14 March 1922 at 12 Kilmaurs Terrace, Edinburgh, the only son of William Wilson Alexander (1888–1930), lawyer, and his wife, Mary Logan Grahame, née Wilson (1888–1975), tailoress. He won a scholarship to ...

Article

Anderson, David (1751–1825), East India Company servant  

T. H. Bowyer

Anderson, David (1751–1825), East India Company servant, was born in Edinburgh on 10 February 1751, the second of the eight children of David Anderson (1707–1786), writer to the signet, and his wife, Mary (d. 1781), daughter of John Mitchelson of Middleton, Edinburghshire...

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Cover Anderson, James (1739–1808)

Anderson, James (1739–1808)  

Maker: Samuel Freeman

James Anderson (1739–1808) by Samuel Freeman, pubd 1809 (after J. Anderson) © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Anderson, James (1739–1808), agriculturist and political economist  

Rosalind Mitchison

Anderson, James (1739–1808), agriculturist and political economist, born at Hermiston, near Edinburgh, inherited the tenancy of a large farm there at the age of fifteen when his parents (whose names are unknown) died. He had already prepared himself for the position by attending ...

Article

Anderson, John, first Viscount Waverley (1882–1958), civil service administrator and politician  

G. C. Peden

Anderson, John, first Viscount Waverley (1882–1958), civil service administrator and politician, was born at 1 Livingstone Place, Edinburgh, on 8 July 1882, the only surviving son of David Alexander Pearson Anderson (1855–1948), a fancy stationer who later became a director of a well-known firm of printers and publishers, ...

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Cover Anderson, John, first Viscount Waverley (1882–1958)

Anderson, John, first Viscount Waverley (1882–1958)  

Maker: Howard Coster

John Anderson, first Viscount Waverley (1882–1958) by Howard Coster, 1953 © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Anstruther, Sir Robert (1578–1644/5?), diplomat and politician  

Steve Murdoch

Anstruther, Sir Robert (1578–1644/5?), diplomat and politician, was the second son of Sir James Anstruther (d. 1606), fiar of Anstruther, and Jean Scott of Abbotshall. His birth in Anstruther Wester, Fife, was recorded by his father on 23 April 1578. A graduate of ...

Article

Arbuthnott, Robert, first viscount of Arbuthnott (c. 1618–1655), politician  

John R. Young

Arbuthnott, Robert, first viscount of Arbuthnott (c. 1618–1655), politician, was the eldest of seven children of Sir Robert Arbuthnott (d. 1633) of Arbuthnott in Kincardineshire and his second wife, Margaret, daughter of Simon Fraser, Lord Lovat. He succeeded his father following his death on 15 March 1633, but as he was still under age, his affairs were initially administered by his uncle ...

Article

Arnott, Samuel (1852–1930), gardener and politician  

John M. Grimshaw

Arnott, Samuel (1852–1930), gardener and politician, was born above his father's baker's shop at the corner of Friar's Vennel, Dumfries, on 30 September 1852, the son of John Arnott (d. 1858) and his wife, Nicholas Richardson. His father, who was descended from a line of farmers and lead miners in the parish of ...

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Cover Arnott, Samuel (1852–1930)

Arnott, Samuel (1852–1930)  

Maker: James George McLellan Arnott

In 

Samuel Arnott (1852–1930), by James George McLellan Arnott

Dumfries and Galloway Council

Article

Baillie, Charles, Lord Jerviswoode (1804–1879), lawyer and politician  

Gordon F. Millar

Baillie, Charles, Lord Jerviswoode (1804–1879), lawyer and politician, was born at Mellerstain, Berwickshire, on 3 November 1804, the second son of George Baillie of Mellerstain, Berwickshire, and of Jerviswoode, Lanarkshire, and his wife, Mary, the youngest daughter of Sir James Pringle, baronet, of ...

Article

Baillie, George, of Jerviswood (1664–1738), landowner and politician  

Barbara C. Murison

Baillie, George, of Jerviswood (1664–1738), landowner and politician, born on 16 March 1664 at Jerviswood Tower, Lanarkshire, was the eldest child of Robert Baillie (d. 1684) and of his wife and cousin Rachel Johnston (d. 1697), daughter of the Presbyterian martyr Sir Archibald Johnston, ...

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Cover Baillie, George, of Jerviswood (1664–1738)

Baillie, George, of Jerviswood (1664–1738)  

Maker: William Aikman

In 

George Baillie of Jerviswood (1664–1738) by William Aikman, 1717 in a private Scottish collection

Article

Baird, John (1788–1820), radical weaver  

Peter Berresford Ellis

Baird, John (1788–1820), radical, was, with Andrew Hardie (1792–1820) and James Wilson (1757–1820), one of the three ‘Radical Martyrs’ executed for their part in the Scottish insurrection of April 1820. Baird, born in Condorrat, Stirling, was the third son of a ...

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Cover Balfour, Arthur James, first earl of Balfour (1848–1930)

Balfour, Arthur James, first earl of Balfour (1848–1930)  

Maker: John Singer Sargent

In 

Arthur James Balfour, first earl of Balfour (1848–1930) by John Singer Sargent, 1908 © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Balfour, Arthur James, first earl of Balfour (1848–1930), prime minister and philosopher  

Ruddock Mackay and H. C. G. Matthew

Balfour, Arthur James, first earl of Balfour (1848–1930), prime minister and philosopher, was born on 25 July 1848 at Whittingehame House, East Lothian, the third of eight children and eldest son of James Maitland Balfour (1820–1856), landowner (and MP, 1841–7), and his wife, ...