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Adda (d. 565?)  

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Ælla (d. in or after 597?), king of Deira  

Rosemary Cramp

Ælla (d. in or after 597?), king of Deira, was the son of Iffa. His existence is firmly documented, although the dates of his floruit are disputed. There is archaeological evidence for the settlement of Germanic people in what is now eastern Yorkshire...

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Ælle [Ælla] (fl. late 5th cent.), king of the South Saxons  

S. E. Kelly

Ælle [Ælla] (fl. late 5th cent.), king of the South Saxons, is said by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to have arrived in Britain in 477 with his three sons, Cymen, Wlencing, and Cissa. Their traditional landing place was at Cymenesora, a place on the ...

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Æsc (d. 512?)  

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Æthelberht I (d. 616?), king of Kent  

S. E. Kelly

Æthelberht I (d. 616?), king of Kent, was the successor of his father, King Eormenric (550x600) [see under Kent, kings of], and a member of the Kentish royal dynasty, the Oiscingas, said to have been founded by Æsc [see under...

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Æthelfrith (d. c. 616), king of Northumbria  

Rosemary Cramp

Æthelfrith (d. c. 616), king of Northumbria, was the son of Æthelric. He succeeded to the throne of Bernicia in 592, and in 604 to the joint Northumbrian kingdom of Deira and Bernicia which he ruled until 616. His first wife was Bebba...

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Ailill Molt (d. c. 482), high-king of Ireland  

Philip Irwin

Ailill Molt (d. c. 482), high-king of Ireland, was one of the five or more sons of Nath Í mac Fiachrach (d. 445?), ancestor of many of the Uí Fhiachrach kings of Connacht. His mother was said to have been Ethne ingen Chonrach Cais...

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Allectus (d. 296), Roman emperor in Britain  

P. J. Casey

Allectus (d. 296), Roman emperor in Britain, first appears in the records of the revolt of his predecessor Carausius (286–93). What little can be established about him derives from hostile contemporary, or near contemporary, accounts of that revolt, in which Carausius rose against the joint emperors ...

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Allectus (d. 296) coin © Copyright The British Museum

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Antoninus Pius [Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius] (ad 86–161), Roman emperor  

David J. Breeze

Antoninus Pius [Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius] (ad 86–161), Roman emperor, was born Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus at Lanuvium, near Rome, on 19 September ad 86, the only known child of Titus Aurelius Fulvus and Arria Fadilla. He was educated at home and about 110 married ...

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Antoninus Pius (ad 86–161) bust © Copyright The British Museum

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Boudicca [Boadicea] (d. ad 60/61), queen of the Iceni  

T. W. Potter

Boudicca [Boadicea] (d. ad 60/61), queen of the Iceni, popularly known as Boadicea since the eighteenth century as a result of misreading manuscripts of the works of the Roman historian Tacitus, was the wife of Prasutagus [see under Roman Britain (55 bc–ad 84)...

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Cædwalla [Ceadwalla] (c. 659–689), king of the Gewisse  

Barbara Yorke

Cædwalla [Ceadwalla] (c. 659–689), king of the Gewisse, was the son of Cenbert, who is called king by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which records his death under 661; they were descendants of Ceawlin. Cædwalla (whose name is also spelt Ceadwalla in some sources) was probably born about 659, as the epitaph on his tomb gave his age at death as about thirty. He first appears in written records as an exiled prince who based himself in the ...

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Caesar [Gaius Julius Caesar] (100–44 bc), politician, author, and military commander  

T. P. Wiseman

Caesar [Gaius Julius Caesar] (100–44 bc), politician, author, and military commander, was born on 13 Quinctilis (July) 100 bc, probably at Rome, the son of Gaius Julius Caesar, a patrician of old but recently undistinguished family whose brother-in-law was Gaius Marius, and Aurelia...

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Caesar (100– bc44) head © Copyright The British Museum

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