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Adams [later Rawson], Sir William (1783–1827), oculist  

W. P. Courtney

revised by J. M. Tiffany

Adams [later Rawson], Sir William (1783–1827), oculist, was born at Stanbury, Morwenstow, Cornwall, on 5 December 1783, the youngest son of Henry Adams (1727-1811) and his wife, Damaris (1736–1788), daughter of Simon and Anne Cottle. He bore the name Adams...

Article

Anderson, Tempest (1846–1913), ophthalmic surgeon and vulcanologist  

R. J. Suthren

revised

Anderson, Tempest (1846–1913), ophthalmic surgeon and vulcanologist, was born on 7 December 1846 at 17 Stonegate, York, the elder son and eldest of the three children of William Charles Anderson, surgeon of York, and his wife, Sarah Ellen Hall. Educated at St Peter's School, York...

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Cover Banister, Richard (c. 1570–1626)

Banister, Richard (c. 1570–1626)  

Maker: unknown artist

In 

Richard Banister (c. 1570–1626) by unknown artist, c. 1620 reproduced by kind permission of the President and Council of the Royal College of Surgeons of London

Article

Banister, Richard (c. 1570–1626), oculist  

Emilie Savage-Smith

Banister, Richard (c. 1570–1626), oculist, whose precise date and place of birth are unknown, was the son of Gabriel Banister. He was one of four brothers, two of whom died early, all apprenticed to surgeons or barber–surgeons. His grandfather was John Banister of ...

Article

Bier, Norman (1925–2009), optometrist and contact lens specialist  

Timothy J. Bowden

Bier, Norman (1925–2009), optometrist and contact lens specialist, was born Norbert Bier on 28 February 1925 in Munich, Germany, the elder son of Marcus Bier (1895–1968), jeweller, and his wife, Henna Necha (Helen), née Buch (1897–1970). His brother Manfred (b. 1930) became an accountant. Educated initially in ...

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Cover Bowman, Sir William, first baronet (1816–1892)

Bowman, Sir William, first baronet (1816–1892)  

Maker: George Frederic Watts

In 

Sir William Bowman, first baronet (1816–1892) by George Frederic Watts, 1865 private collection; photograph National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Bowman, Sir William, first baronet (1816–1892), ophthalmic surgeon and anatomist  

D'A. Power

revised by Emilie Savage-Smith

Bowman, Sir William, first baronet (1816–1892), ophthalmic surgeon and anatomist, was born at Sweetbriar Hall, Hospital Street, Nantwich, Cheshire, on 20 July 1816, the third of the four sons (there was one daughter) of John Eddowes Bowman the elder (1785–1841), a banker as well as botanist and fellow of the ...

Article

Briggs, William (c. 1650–1704), physician and oculist  

Barbara Beigun Kaplan

Briggs, William (c. 1650–1704), physician and oculist, born at Norwich, was the second of the seven sons (there was one daughter) of Elizabeth Aldrige and Augustine Briggs (c.1618–1684). The family was prominent in Norwich; Augustine Briggs served as alderman and mayor, and was MP for the city on four occasions. ...

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Cover Briggs, William (c. 1650–1704)

Briggs, William (c. 1650–1704)  

Maker: John Faber junior

William Briggs (c. 1650–1704) by John Faber junior, 1738 (after Robert White, 1697) © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Butter, John (1791–1877), ophthalmic surgeon  

[Anon.]

revised by Hugh Series

Butter, John (1791–1877), ophthalmic surgeon, was born at Woodbury, near Exeter, Devon, on 22 January 1791. He was educated at Exeter grammar school, before studying at the Devon and Exeter Hospital. He obtained the MD degree at Edinburgh in 1820, and was elected a fellow of the ...

Article

Collins, Edward Treacher (1862–1932), ophthalmologist  

J. M. Tiffany

Collins, Edward Treacher (1862–1932), ophthalmologist, was born at 1 Albert Terrace, Regent's Park, London, on 28 May 1862, the second son of Dr William Job Collins (b. 1818), a London physician; his father was of an old Warwick family, one of whom, ...

Article

Collins, Sir William Job (1859–1946), ophthalmic surgeon and politician  

Virginia Berridge

Collins, Sir William Job (1859–1946), ophthalmic surgeon and politician, was born on 9 May 1859 at 46 Gloucester Road, Regent's Park, London, the eldest of the four children of William Job Collins (1818–1884), surgeon and pharmacist, and his wife, Mary Anne Francisca Treacher (1824–1880)...

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Cover Collins, Sir William Job (1859–1946)

Collins, Sir William Job (1859–1946)  

Maker: James Russell & Sons

In 

Sir William Job Collins (1859–1946) by James Russell & Sons, pubd 1907–9 © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Cooke [Cook], Thomas (1807–1868), optician  

A. M. Clerke

revised by Alison J. Brech

Cooke [Cook], Thomas (1807–1868), optician, the eldest son of James Cook, a shoemaker, and his second wife, Jane, was born at Allerthorpe in the East Riding of Yorkshire on 8 March 1807. His education was limited to two years at the national school, after which he was put to his father's trade. But inspired by accounts of ...

Article

Cooper, William White (1816–1886), oculist  

G. T. Bettany

revised by Anita McConnell

Cooper, William White (1816–1886), oculist, was born on 17 November 1816 at Holt, Wiltshire, of unknown parentage. Following his arrival in London about 1834, he enrolled as a student at St Bartholomew's Hospital, and at the same time he became a private pupil of ...

Article

Critchett, George (1817–1882), ophthalmic surgeon  

G. T. Bettany

revised by Hugh Series

Critchett, George (1817–1882), ophthalmic surgeon, the elder son of Richard Critchett (1777–1865), and his wife, Elizabeth, was born at Highgate, near London, on 25 March 1817. After attending a private school in Highgate, he studied at the London Hospital under John Scott, and became MRCS in 1839 and FRCS (by examination) in 1844. He was successively demonstrator of anatomy, assistant surgeon (1846), surgeon (1861–3), and professor of surgery to the ...

Article

Cuff, John (1708?–1772?), optician and microscope maker  

Giles Hudson

Cuff, John (1708?–1772?), optician and microscope maker, was the son of Peter Cuff (b. 1676), watchmaker and member of the Broderers' Company. It is possible that his mother was Rebecca, née Crichlow (b. 1675), who married a Peter Cuff, watchmaker, of the parish of ...

Article

Cumming, William (1822–1855), ophthalmologist  

James Dixon

revised by Anita McConnell

Cumming, William (1822–1855), ophthalmologist, was born at Britannia Place, Limehouse, London, the eldest son in the family of five sons and four daughters of William Spink Cumming (1793–1872), surgeon, and his wife, Ann, née Stewart (1794–1862). He became a surgeon apprentice and qualified as a member of the ...

Article

Dallmeyer, John Henry [formerly Johann Heinrich] (1830–1883), optician  

W. J. Harrison

revised by P. D. Hingley

Dallmeyer, John Henry [formerly Johann Heinrich] (1830–1883), optician, was born Johann Heinrich Dallmeyer on 6 September 1830, at Loxten, near Versmold, in the department of Minden, Westphalia, the second son of William Dallmeyer, a farmer with scientific interests, and his wife, Catherine Wilhelmina, ...

Article

Dallos, Jozsef [Josef] (1905–1979), ophthalmologist  

Timothy J. Bowden

Dallos, Jozsef [Josef] (1905–1979), ophthalmologist, was born in Budapest, Hungary, on 5 January 1905, the eldest child of Sándor (Alexander) Dallos (1870–1952), headmaster of a high school for boys, and his wife, Margit (Margaret), née Mayer (1880–1959), daughter of a prosperous lawyer. His sister ...