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Ælfgar, earl of Mercia (d. 1062?), magnate, was the son of Leofric, earl of Mercia, and Godgifu (Godiva). He married, perhaps in the late 1020s, Ælfgifu, probably a kinswoman of Cnut's first wife, Ælfgifu of Northampton. Her known lands lay in the east midlands and ...

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Ann Williams

Ælfhere (d. 983), magnate, was the son of Ealhhelm, ealdorman of central Mercia (what is now Worcestershire and Gloucestershire) from 940 to 951. Ælfhere and his brothers are greeted as kinsmen by successive kings, though the degree of relationship is unknown. They were particularly close to ...

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Ann Williams

Ælfric (d. 1016), magnate, must be distinguished from his contemporary Ælfric Cild [see under Ælfhere (d. 983)], who was ealdorman of Mercia from 983 to 985. In 982 he succeeded Ealdorman Æthelmær (977–82) in a command which included Hampshire (AS chart....

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Æthelstan [Ethelstan, Æthelstan Half-King] (fl. 932–956), magnate, was the second of four sons of Ealdorman Æthelfrith, who ruled the southern and eastern territories of Mercia. Æthelfrith was descended from the West Saxon royal family and held extensive estates in Somerset and Devon. His wife, ...

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Æthelweard [Ethelwerd] (d. 998?), chronicler and magnate, was ealdorman of south-western England. He styled himself 'Patricius Consul Fabius Quaestor', a latinization of 'Æthel-/ealdorman/Fabius/-weard'. He was the father of Æthelmær, grandfather of one Æthelweard and grandfather-in-law of another: all also ealdormen, and two of the same south-western ealdormanry as ...

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Æthelwine [Ethelwine, Æthelwine Dei Amicus] (d. 992), magnate and founder of Ramsey Abbey, Huntingdonshire, was the fourth and youngest son of Æthelstan, known as the Half-King (932–956), and his wife, Ælfwyn (d. 986). He was a few years older than the atheling ...

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Aigle, Richer de l' (c. 1095–1176), baron, the eldest son of Gilbert de l'Aigle and Juliana, daughter of Geoffroi, count of Mortagne, was a member of a family with a tradition of service to the Norman dukes. His great-grandfather, Engenulf, had been killed at ...

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Aigueblanche, Peter d' [Peter de Aqua Blanca] (d. 1268), bishop of Hereford and royal councillor, was descended from the family of Briançon, holders of the lordship of Aigueblanche (Savoie) in the Tarentaise or valley of the upper Isère, dependants of the counts of Savoy...

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Peter d' Aigueblanche (d. 1268) tomb effigy by permission of the Dean and Chapter of Hereford Cathedral

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K. S. B. Keats-Rohan

Alan Rufus (d. 1093), magnate, was the second of at least seven legitimate sons of Count Eudo, regent of Brittany from 1040 to 1047, and Orguen, or Agnes, his Angevin wife. Alan was called Rufus (‘the Red’) to distinguish him from a younger brother, ...

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Alan, lord of Galloway (b. before 1199, d. 1234), magnate, was the eldest son of Roland, lord of Galloway (d. 1200), and Helen de Morville (d. 1217), sister and heir of William de Morville, lord of Lauderdale and Cunningham and royal constable. He had two brothers and two sisters, of whom ...

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Alice [married name Alice de Lusignan], suo jure countess of Eu (d. 1246), magnate, was the daughter of Henri, count of Eu and lord of Hastings, and Matilda, the daughter of Hamelin (de Warenne), earl of Surrey, and Countess Isabel de Warenne...

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Allen, William (1704–1780), landowner and politician in America, was born on 5 August 1704 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to William Allen (d. c.1725), merchant, and his wife, known only by her maiden name, Budd. They were Presbyterians from Dungannon, Tyrone, to whom ...

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Argentine, Sir Giles d' (c. 1210–1282), baronial leader, of Great Wymondley, Hertfordshire, was the son of Sir Richard d'Argentine, a knight of the royal household and crusader of the 1230s, and came from a line of sheriffs of Hertfordshire, Essex, and Cambridgeshire. He was a knight by 1231, when he was captured by the Welsh near ...

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Ashburnham, John (1602/3–1671), courtier and politician, was the eldest son of Sir John Ashburnham (1570/71–1620) and Elizabeth (1577–1651), daughter of Sir Thomas Beaumont. William Ashburnham, army officer and politician, was his younger brother. He was educated at Gray's Inn and Peterhouse, Cambridge. His father died in 1620, having wasted his estate and leaving his family in penury. But within two years his heir had so far repaired their broken fortune, that (says the epitaph in ...

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Ashton, John (c. 1653–1691), official in the royal household and Jacobite conspirator, was the son of Andrew Ashton (d. 1679), of Liverpool, and his wife, Alice. His father was apparently a parliamentarian army officer, though from the royalist family of Ashton of ...