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Adams, Francis William Lauderdale (1862–1893), writer  

Meg Tasker

Adams, Francis William Lauderdale (1862–1893), writer, was born on 27 September 1862 at Valletta in Malta. The grandson of the Scottish classicist and medical scholar Francis Adams (1796–1861), he was the first of two sons born to Andrew Leith Adams (1827–1882), army surgeon and natural historian, and his wife, ...

Article

Aitken, (Adam) Jack (1921–1998), lexicographer and philologist  

Caroline Macafee

Aitken, (Adam) Jack (1921–1998), lexicographer and philologist, was born on 19 June 1921 in Edinburgh, the only son and eldest of the three children of Adam Aitken (1896–1958), miner, and his first wife, Alexandrina Sutherland (1896–1931). He was baptized into the Church of Scotland...

Article

Alexander, Sir Kenneth John Wilson [Ken] (1922–2001), economist, university administrator, and public servant  

Ian A. Olson

Alexander, Sir Kenneth John Wilson [Ken] (1922–2001), economist, university administrator, and public servant, was born on 14 March 1922 at 12 Kilmaurs Terrace, Edinburgh, the only son of William Wilson Alexander (1888–1930), lawyer, and his wife, Mary Logan Grahame, née Wilson (1888–1975), tailoress. He won a scholarship to ...

Article

Andrews, Michael James (1928–1995), artist  

William Feaver

Andrews, Michael James (1928–1995), artist, was born on 30 October 1928 at 142 Glebe Road, Norwich, the second child of Thomas Victor Andrews, an insurance clerk, and his wife, Gertrude Emma, née Green. Reared a Methodist and readied by his parents for a job for life in the ...

Article

Anrep, Boris Vasilyevich, Count Elmpt in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1883–1969), mosaicist  

Annabel Farjeon

Anrep, Boris Vasilyevich, Count Elmpt in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1883–1969), mosaicist, came of a noble Russian family. He was born on 28 September 1883 in St Petersburg, the son of Vasily Konstantinovich von Anrep (1852–1927), a doctor who became the minister of education for ...

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Cover Anrep, Boris Vasilyevich, Count Elmpt in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1883–1969)

Anrep, Boris Vasilyevich, Count Elmpt in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1883–1969)  

Maker: Pierre Roy

In 

Boris Vasilyevich Anrep, Count Elmpt in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1883–1969) by Pierre Roy, 1949 [Boris Anrep in his Studio, 65 boulevard Arago] © ADAGP, Paris and DACS, London, 2010; photograph Tate, London, 2004

Article

Arber [née Robertson], Agnes (1879–1960), botanist  

Kathryn Packer

Arber [née Robertson], Agnes (1879–1960), botanist, was born at 26 Regent's Park Road, London, on 23 February 1879, the eldest child of Henry Robert Robertson (1839–1921), an artist, and Agnes Lucy Turner, a descendant of Robert Chamberlain (d. 1798), ceramicist, of ...

Article

Archer, William (1856–1924), theatre critic and journalist  

J. P. Wearing

Archer, William (1856–1924), theatre critic and journalist, was born at 6 North Methven Street, Perth, Scotland, on 23 September 1856, the eldest son of the nine children of Thomas Archer (1823–1905) of Glasgow and his wife, Grace Lindsay Morison (1832–1911), the daughter of ...

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Cover Archer, William (1856–1924)

Archer, William (1856–1924)  

Maker: Sir Emery Walker

In 

William Archer (1856–1924) by Sir Emery Walker, 1891 © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Armstrong, William, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead (1915–1980), civil servant and banker  

Kevin Theakston

Armstrong, William, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead (1915–1980), civil servant and banker, was born in the Salvation Mothers' Home, Mare Street, Clapton, London, on 3 March 1915, the elder son of William Armstrong, of Stirling, and his wife, Priscilla Hopkins. Both his parents were ...

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Cover Armstrong, William, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead (1915–1980)

Armstrong, William, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead (1915–1980)  

Maker: Arnold Newman

In 

William Armstrong, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead (1915–1980) by Arnold Newman, 1978 Arnold Newman / Getty Images; collection National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Arouet, François-Marie [known as Voltaire] (1694–1778), writer and philosopher  

David Williams

Arouet, François-Marie [known as Voltaire] (1694–1778), writer and philosopher, was born in Paris on 21 November 1694 according to the notice of baptism. He was the fifth of five surviving children born to François Arouet (1649–1722), lawyer and minor official, and his wife, ...

Article

Auld [née Jardine; other married name Marshall], Mary (1893–1984), local politician and women's organizer  

Catriona Burness

Auld [née Jardine; other married name Marshall], Mary (1893–1984), local politician and women's organizer, was born on 8 July 1893 in Main Street, Lockerbie, Dumfriesshire, the fourth child of seven born to Francis Jardine, clog maker, and his wife, Agnes Wallace. She attended ...

Article

Awolowo, Obafemi (1909–1987), politician in Nigeria  

J. D. Y. Peel

Awolowo, Obafemi (1909–1987), politician in Nigeria, was born on 6 March 1909 at Ikenne, a small town about 40 miles from Lagos, in Ijebu Remo division, the son of David Sopolu Awolowo (d. 1920) and his wife, Mary Sofowora Efunyela. The Ijebu are a subgroup of the ...

Article

Aylmer, Gerald Edward (1926–2000), historian  

Penry Williams

Aylmer, Gerald Edward (1926–2000), historian, was born on 30 April 1926 at Stoke Court, Greete, Shropshire, the only child of Captain Edward Arthur Aylmer (1892–1974), naval officer, and his wife, (Gwladys) Phoebe, née Evans (1891–1968). On his father's side he was descended from a distinguished Anglo-Irish family with strong naval connections, and there were two admirals on his mother's side. He was educated at ...

Article

Banting, Sir Frederick Grant (1891–1941), physician and medical researcher  

Michael Bliss

Banting, Sir Frederick Grant (1891–1941), physician and medical researcher, was born near the town of Alliston, Ontario, Canada, on 14 November 1891, the fourth son and fifth and youngest child of William Thompson Banting (1849–1929), a farmer of Irish descent, and his wife, ...

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Cover Beckett, Samuel Barclay (1906–1989)

Beckett, Samuel Barclay (1906–1989)  

Maker: Henri Cartier-Bresson

In 

Samuel Barclay Beckett (1906–1989) by Henri Cartier-Bresson, 1964 © Henri Cartier-Bresson / Magnum Photos; collection National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Beckett, Samuel Barclay (1906–1989), author  

James Knowlson

Beckett, Samuel Barclay (1906–1989), author, was born on 13 April 1906 at Cooldrinagh, Kerrymount Avenue, Foxrock, co. Dublin, the second of two children of William Frank Beckett (1871–1933), a quantity surveyor, and his wife, Maria, known as May (1871–1950), daughter of Samuel Roe...

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Cover Bell, (Frank) Graham (1910–1943)

Bell, (Frank) Graham (1910–1943)  

Maker: Olivier Bell

In 

(Frank) Graham Bell (1910–1943) by Olivier Bell, 1938 [painting Dover Front] private collection

Article

Bell, (Frank) Graham (1910–1943), painter and writer  

Anne Olivier Bell

Bell, (Frank) Graham (1910–1943), painter and writer, was born on 21 November 1910 near Brakpan, Johannesburg, Transvaal, the eldest of the three sons of Frank Graham Bell (1874–1948), a British mining engineer, and his wife, Marjorie, née Hewitt (1888–1979). The family spent from 1915 to 1922 in ...