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Allin, John (1623–1683), nonconformist minister and alchemist  

Donna Bilak

Allin, John (1623–1683), nonconformist minister and alchemist, was born on 13 October 1623 in Wrentham, Suffolk, the son of the Revd John Allen, or Allin (c. 1596–1671), and his first wife, Margaret, née Morse (c.1598–1653). At the time of Allin's birth his father was the curate in ...

Article

Brereton, William, third Baron Brereton of Leighlin (bap. 1631, d. 1680), politician and natural philosopher  

Anita McConnell

Brereton, William, third Baron Brereton of Leighlin (bap. 1631, d. 1680), politician and natural philosopher, was baptized on 4 May 1631 at Brereton, Cheshire, the eldest son of William Brereton, second Baron Brereton (1611–1664), and his wife, Lady Elizabeth (d. 1687), daughter of ...

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Cover Demainbray, Stephen Charles Triboudet (1710–1782)

Demainbray, Stephen Charles Triboudet (1710–1782)  

Maker: unknown artist

In 

Stephen Charles Triboudet Demainbray (1710–1782) by unknown artist Science & Society Picture Library

Article

Demainbray, Stephen Charles Triboudet (1710–1782), natural philosopher and astronomer superintendent at Kew  

Alan Q. Morton

Demainbray, Stephen Charles Triboudet (1710–1782), natural philosopher and astronomer, was born on 20 February 1710 in the parish of St Martin-in-the-Fields, Westminster, London, the son of Stephen Triboudet Demainbray of that parish and his wife, Marie Rigaud, daughter of Alexandre de Schivac, minister of the French church in ...

Article

Dobson, Matthew (1732–1784), physician and natural philosopher  

Margaret DeLacy

Dobson, Matthew (1732–1784), physician and natural philosopher, was the son of Joshua Dobson (c.1692–1767), minister of New Mill, Lydgate, near Holmfirth, Yorkshire, from 1715 to 1720 and of Cockey Moor Chapel, Ainsworth, near Bolton, Lancashire, from 1732 to 1767, and Elizabeth Smith (...

Article

Papin, Denis (1647–1712?), natural philosopher  

Anita McConnell

Papin, Denis (1647–1712?), natural philosopher, was born in August 1647 in Blois, France, and baptized there on 22 August at the temple of Haut-Bourg St Jean, the fourth of the thirteen children of Denis Papin and his wife, Marie, née Pineau. His father was a royal counsellor and district revenue collector, his mother's forebears were medical practitioners, and both his parents held property. The extended family was staunchly protestant, a religion which was tolerated during ...

Article

Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804), theologian and natural philosopher  

Robert E. Schofield

Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804), theologian and natural philosopher, was born on 13 March 1733 at Birstall Fieldhead, West Riding of Yorkshire, about 6 miles south-west of Leeds. He was the first of six children of Jonas Priestley (1700–1779), cloth dresser, and his first wife, ...

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Cover Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804)

Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804)  

Maker: Ellen Sharples

In 

Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) by or after Ellen Sharples [original, c.1797] © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Six, James (1730–1793), silk weaver and natural philosopher  

Anita McConnell

Six, James (1730–1793), silk weaver and natural philosopher, was born in Canterbury, Kent, on 30 January 1730, and baptized there in the Walloon church on 26 February. He was the son of James Six (1695–1743) and his wife, Ester, daughter of Louis Ducaufour...

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Cover Thompson, Sir Benjamin, Count Rumford in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1753–1814)

Thompson, Sir Benjamin, Count Rumford in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1753–1814)  

Maker: Thomas Gainsborough

In 

Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1753–1814) by Thomas Gainsborough, c. 1783 courtesy of the Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University Art Museums. Bequest of Edmund C. Converse. Photograph: © President and Fellows of Harvard College

Article

Thompson, Sir Benjamin, Count Rumford in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1753–1814), natural philosopher and philanthropist  

David Knight

Thompson, Sir Benjamin, Count Rumford in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1753–1814), natural philosopher and philanthropist, was born on 26 March 1753 at North Woburn, Massachusetts, the only son of Benjamin Thompson (d. 1754) and his wife, Ruth Simonds, daughter of an officer who had fought against the French and the North American Indians in the Seven Years' War. He was descended from ...