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Hongi Hika (1772–1828) by unknown artist, c. 1820 [centre, with Waikato (left) and the missionary Thomas Kendall (right)] Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa (G-618)

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Hongi Hika (1772–1828), Maori tribal leader and war chief, was, by his own account, born in the year of the death of the French explorer Marion du Fresne, 1772, near Kaikohe in central Northland in the North Island of New Zealand. He was the second of several children of ...

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Mapondera, Kadungure (1840s–1904), warrior chief in Africa, was born at Nyota, a mountain stronghold of the Negomo dynasty, in what is now northern Mashonaland, Zimbabwe. Mapondera's mother, Mwera, was a mhondwa, a slave wife, but there is no agreement as to who his father was. Some accounts favour ...

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Sandile (c. 1820–1878), chief of the Ngqika Xhosa, son of Chief Ngqika and his great wife, Sutu, was born in independent Xhosa near the later Fort Beaufort in South Africa. He was installed as chief in 1842 and led the Ngqika Xhosa until his death in battle in 1878. In accordance with Xhosa custom he had several wives and many children. His great wife was ...

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Te Rauparaha (d. 1849) by John Alexander Gilfillan, c. 1842 Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa

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Te Rauparaha (d. 1849), Maori chief and war leader, was said to have been born shortly before Captain James Cook visited New Zealand, perhaps in 1768, at Te Taharoa, south of Kawhia, on the west coast of the North Island of New Zealand...

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Potatau Te Wherowhero (c. 1775–1860) by George French Angas, pubd 1847 Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa

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Te Wherowhero, Potatau (c. 1775–1860), Maori king and war leader, was born in the late eighteenth century, possibly between 1770 and 1780, and probably in central Waikato in the North Island of New Zealand. He was the eldest son of the Waikato war leader and (...