officers of state (British Isles)

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Article

Basset, Philip (d. 1271), justiciar and royalist nobleman  

R. Malcolm Hogg

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Basset, Philip (d. 1271), justiciar and royalist nobleman, was a younger son and eventually—on the death of his brother, Fulk Basset, bishop of London, in 1259—heir of Alan Basset, lord of Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. Despite a strong family tradition of royal service, which Basset...

Image

Cover Beaufort, Henry (1375?–1447)

Beaufort, Henry (1375?–1447)  

In 

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004
Henry Beaufort (1375?–1447) stone effigy © English Heritage. NMR

Article

Beaufort, Henry [called the Cardinal of England] (1375?–1447), bishop of Winchester and cardinal  

G. L. Harriss

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Beaufort, Henry [called the Cardinal of England] (1375?–1447), bishop of Winchester and cardinal, was the second of four illegitimate children of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster (1340–1399), and Katherine Swynford (1350?–1403), daughter of the Hainaulter Sir Payn Roelt, who was governess to the duke's children [...

Article

Beaufort, Thomas, duke of Exeter (1377?–1426), magnate and soldier  

G. L. Harriss

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Beaufort, Thomas, duke of Exeter (1377?–1426), magnate and soldier, was the youngest of the three illegitimate sons of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, and Katherine Swynford [see Katherine, duchess of Lancaster]. His brothers were John Beaufort and Henry Beaufort...

Article

Bermingham, John, earl of Louth (c. 1290–1329), magnate and justiciar of Ireland  

Robin Frame

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Bermingham, John, earl of Louth (c. 1290–1329), magnate and justiciar of Ireland, was the eldest of at least four legitimate sons of Peter Bermingham of Tethmoy (d. 1308) and Ela, one of four daughters and coheirs of William de Odingsells of Maxstoke, Warwickshire...

Article

Bigod, Hugh (b. in or before 1220, d. 1266), baron and justiciar  

Paul Brand

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Bigod, Hugh (b. in or before 1220, d. 1266), baron and justiciar, was a younger son of Hugh (II) Bigod, earl of Norfolk, who died in 1225. His mother was Matilda (or Maud; c.1192–1248), the eldest daughter and eventual coheir of William Marshal, ...

Article

Butler, James, second earl of Ormond (1331–1382), magnate and justiciar of Ireland  

Robin Frame

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Butler, James, second earl of Ormond (1331–1382), magnate and justiciar of Ireland, was the only surviving son of James Butler, the first earl of Ormond (c. 1305–1338), and his wife, Eleanor de Bohun (d. 1363), a granddaughter of Edward I. His kinship to ...

Article

Butler, James, third earl of Ormond (c. 1360–1405), magnate and justiciar of Ireland  

C. A. Empey

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Butler, James, third earl of Ormond (c. 1360–1405), magnate and justiciar of Ireland, was the son of James Butler, second earl of Ormond (1331–1382), and Elizabeth (d. 1390), daughter of Sir John Darcy. He was about twenty-three when he was granted custody of his lands on 2 March 1383. As head of a great lordship centred on ...

Article

Butler, Piers [called Red Piers], first earl of Ossory and eighth earl of Ormond (b. in or after 1467, d. 1539), magnate and lord deputy of Ireland  

David Finnegan

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Butler, Piers [called Red Piers], first earl of Ossory and eighth earl of Ormond (b. in or after 1467, d. 1539), magnate and lord deputy of Ireland, was born after May 1467, at Pottlerath, co. Kilkenny (or possibly at Kilkenny), the third son of ...

Article

Campbell, Archibald, fifth earl of Argyll (1538–1573), magnate and protestant reformer  

Jane E. A. Dawson

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Campbell, Archibald, fifth earl of Argyll (1538–1573), magnate and protestant reformer, was the eldest son of Archibald Campbell, fourth earl of Argyll (1498–1558), and his first wife, Lady Helen Hamilton (d. in or before 1541), daughter of the first earl of Arran...

Article

Campbell [McGillespic], Colin, first earl of Argyll (d. 1493), magnate  

Michael A. Penman

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Campbell [McGillespic], Colin, first earl of Argyll (d. 1493), magnate, was the only son of Gillespic Campbell, first son of Sir Duncan Campbell of Lochawe (created Lord Campbell in 1445) [see under Campbell family (per. c. 1300-1453)]; Colin's mother was Gillespic's...

Article

Campbell, Colin, sixth earl of Argyll (c. 1542–1584), magnate  

Jane E. A. Dawson

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Campbell, Colin, sixth earl of Argyll (c. 1542–1584), magnate, was the second son of Archibald Campbell, fourth earl of Argyll (1498–1558), and his second wife, Lady Margaret Graham (d. in or before 1545), daughter of the third earl of Menteith. Following Gaelic tradition he was probably fostered with his maternal kin, thereby acquiring the name ...

Article

Compton, Sir William (1482?–1528), courtier  

G. W. Bernard

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Compton, Sir William (1482?–1528), courtier, was the son and heir of Edmund Compton of Compton, Warwickshire; he was described as eleven years old and more on his father's death in 1493. According to Dugdale he became a page to Prince Henry, duke of York...

Article

Crichton, William, of that ilk, first Lord Crichton (d. 1453), administrator and courtier  

Alan R. Borthwick

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Crichton, William, of that ilk, first Lord Crichton (d. 1453), administrator and courtier, was the eldest son of Sir John Crichton of that ilk and his spouse, thought to have been Christian Grimslaw (who survived her husband). The family's principal seat was at ...

Article

Douglas, Archibald [nicknamed Bell-the-Cat], fifth earl of Angus (c. 1449–1513), magnate and rebel  

Norman Macdougall

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Douglas, Archibald [nicknamed Bell-the-Cat], fifth earl of Angus (c. 1449–1513), magnate and rebel, was the elder of the two sons of George Douglas, fourth earl of Angus (c. 1417–1463), and his wife, Isabel, daughter of Sir John Sibbald of Balgonie in Fife...

Article

Douglas, Archibald, sixth earl of Angus (c. 1489–1557), magnate and lord chancellor of Scotland  

Marcus Merriman

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Douglas, Archibald, sixth earl of Angus (c. 1489–1557), magnate and lord chancellor of Scotland, was the eldest son of George Douglas, master of Angus (c.1469–1513), and his wife, Elizabeth, widow of Sir David Fleming of Monycabo and daughter of John Drummond, ...

Article

Douglas, James, fourth earl of Morton (c. 1516–1581), regent and chancellor of Scotland  

G. R. Hewitt

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Douglas, James, fourth earl of Morton (c. 1516–1581), regent and chancellor of Scotland, was the second son of Sir George Douglas, master of Angus (1490?–1552), of Pittendreich, near Elgin, Moray, and his wife, Elizabeth (d. c.1560), only daughter of David Douglas...

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Cover Douglas, James, fourth earl of Morton (c. 1516–1581)

Douglas, James, fourth earl of Morton (c. 1516–1581)  

Maker: Arnold Bronckorst

In 

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004
James Douglas, fourth earl of Morton (c. 1516–1581) attrib. Arnold Bronckorst, c. 1580 Scottish National Portrait Gallery

Article

Fitzgerald, Maurice fitz Thomas, first earl of Desmond (c. 1293–1356), magnate and justiciar of Ireland  

Robin Frame

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Fitzgerald, Maurice fitz Thomas, first earl of Desmond (c. 1293–1356), magnate and justiciar of Ireland, was a younger son of Thomas fitz Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1298), lord of Desmond and justiciar of Ireland, and Margaret, daughter of Thomas Berkeley of Berkeley Castle...

Article

Fitzgerald, Maurice fitz Thomas, fourth earl of Kildare (c. 1322–1390), magnate and justiciar of Ireland  

Robin Frame

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Fitzgerald, Maurice fitz Thomas, fourth earl of Kildare (c. 1322–1390), magnate and justiciar of Ireland, was the youngest of three sons of Thomas fitz John Fitzgerald, the second earl (d. 1328), and his wife, Joan (d. 1359), a daughter of Richard de Burgh, ...