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Abrahams, Israel (1858–1925), Jewish scholar and historian  

Bryan Diamond

Abrahams, Israel (1858–1925), Jewish scholar and historian, was born on 26 November 1858 at 10 Finsbury Square, London, the second son in the family of four sons and two daughters of Barnett Abrahams (1831–1863) and his wife, Jane, née Brandon (1834–1895). His father was principal of ...

Article

Beloff, Max, Baron Beloff (1913–1999), historian  

D. Cameron Watt

Beloff, Max, Baron Beloff (1913–1999), historian, was born on 2 July 1913 at 21 York House, Fieldway Crescent, Islington, London, the elder son in a family of five children of Simon Beloff, general merchant, and his wife, Marie, née Katzin. Nora Beloff and ...

Article

Berlin, Sir Isaiah (1909–1997), philosopher and historian of ideas  

A. Ryan

Berlin, Sir Isaiah (1909–1997), philosopher and historian of ideas, was born on 6 June 1909 in Riga, Latvia, then part of the Russian empire, the son of Mendel Borisovitch Berlin (1884–1953), a prosperous timber merchant whose main business was supplying wooden sleepers for the Russian railways, and his wife, ...

Article

Elton, Sir Geoffrey Rudolph [formerly Gottfried Rudolph Otto Ehrenberg] (1921–1994), historian  

Patrick Collinson

Elton, Sir Geoffrey Rudolph [formerly Gottfried Rudolph Otto Ehrenberg] (1921–1994), historian, was born at Tübingen, Germany, on 21 August 1921. His father was Victor Leopold Ehrenberg (1891–1976), a distinguished classicist and ancient historian who was the son of a banker, Otto Ehrenberg...

Article

Guedalla, Philip (1889–1944), historian and essayist  

Elton

revised by Mark Pottle

Guedalla, Philip (1889–1944), historian and essayist, was born on 12 March 1889 in Elgin Avenue, Maida Vale, London, the only son of David Guedalla, an almond broker in Mincing Lane, who came from a Spanish-Jewish family, and his wife, Louise Soman. Guedalla's talents developed early, and at ...

Article

Judt, Tony Robert (1948–2010), historian and political commentator  

Peter Kellner

Judt, Tony Robert (1948–2010), historian and political commentator, was born on 2 January 1948 at 153 Lower Clapton Road, Hackney, London, the elder child of Isaac Joseph Judt, whose various occupations included hairdresser and sundriesman, and his wife, Stella Sophie, née Dudakoff. He had one sister, ...

Article

Kedourie, Elie [formerly Eliahou Abdallah Khedhouri] (1926–1992), historian and political scientist  

Kenneth Minogue

revised

Kedourie, Elie [formerly Eliahou Abdallah Khedhouri] (1926–1992), historian and political scientist, was born in Baghdad on 25 January 1926, the son of Abdallah Eliahou Khedhouri (d. 1964), an employee of the Iraq currency board, and his wife, Loulou Moshi, née Dangour (...

Article

Leyser, Karl Joseph (1920–1992), historian  

G. H. Martin

Leyser, Karl Joseph (1920–1992), historian, was born on 24 October 1920 in Düsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, son of Otto Leyser (1885–1945) and his wife, Emmy, née Hayum (1891–1987). He was educated at the Hindenburg Gymnasium, Düsseldorf. Otto was the head of a family firm which manufactured belts and braces, a scrupulous and successful businessman, but he and his wife were Jewish and suffered constant harassment after the National Socialists came to power. Denounced by a discontented employee in 1937, ...

Article

Palgrave [formerly Cohen], Sir Francis (1788–1861), archivist and historian  

G. H. Martin

Palgrave [formerly Cohen], Sir Francis (1788–1861), archivist and historian, was born in July 1788 at Green Street, Kentish Town, London, the only son of Meyer Cohen (c.1760–1831), a stockbroker, and his wife, Rachel, née Levien (d. 1815). In 1797 ...

Article

Pollard, Sidney [formerly Siegfried Pollak] (1925–1998), historian  

G. H. Martin

Pollard, Sidney [formerly Siegfried Pollak] (1925–1998), historian, was born in Vienna, Austria, on 21 April 1925, the second son of Moses Pollak, a commercial traveller, and his wife, Leontine Katz. His parents had both migrated to Vienna from Galicia, his father before the First World War. ...

Article

Schapiro, Leonard Bertram (1908–1983), historian and barrister  

Harold Shukman

revised

Schapiro, Leonard Bertram (1908–1983), historian and barrister, was born in Glasgow on 22 April 1908, the elder son and second of three children of Max Schapiro and his wife, Leah Levine. His father, educated at the universities of Riga and Glasgow, was the son of a wealthy sawmill owner at ...