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Article

Battel, Andrew (b. 1560s?, d. in or after 1613), traveller and trader  

Alfred Goodwin

revised by Peter C. Mancall

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Battel, Andrew (b. 1560s?, d. in or after 1613), traveller and trader, was probably born in Leigh, Essex; his parents are unknown. According to Samuel Purchas, a former neighbour in Essex, who published an account of his experiences, Battel sailed from Plymouth on 7 May 1589 on a voyage under the direction of ...

Article

Bond, Martin (1558?–1643), merchant  

Andrew Thrush

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Bond, Martin (1558?–1643), merchant, was the third or fourth son of William Bond (d. 1576), an alderman of London and merchant adventurer, who was sheriff in 1567. It is unclear whether he was the Martin Bond who, in 1572, was admitted to ...

Article

Caldcleugh, Alexander (1795–1858), businessman and traveller  

Manuel Llorca-Jaña

Publication History:

Published online:
08 October 2009

Caldcleugh, Alexander (1795–1858), businessman and traveller, was born on 17 June 1795 in London (where he was baptized at St Olave's, Hart Street), the only son and fourth of five children of Alexander Caldcleugh (d. 1809), shipowner and merchant, of Broad Green, Croydon, Surrey...

Article

Chardin, Sir John [Jean] (1643–1712), traveller and merchant  

Amanda Eurich

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Chardin, Sir John [Jean] (1643–1712), traveller and merchant, was born in Paris on 16 November 1643 and baptized on 24 November at the protestant temple at Charenton, near Paris, the eldest son of Daniel Chardin, a merchant-jeweller in the place Dauphiné in Paris...

Article

Crewe [formerly Dodds], Quentin Hugh (1926–1998), writer on food and travel  

Paul Levy

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Crewe [formerly Dodds], Quentin Hugh (1926–1998), writer on food and travel, was born at 27 Welbeck Street, London, on 14 November 1926, the second son of Major (James) Hugh Hamilton Dodds, British consul in Tripoli, and his wife, formerly Lady Annabel Hungerford O'Neill (...

Article

Dillon, Peter (1788–1847), adventurer in the south seas  

Elizabeth Baigent

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Dillon, Peter (1788–1847), adventurer in the south seas, was born on 15 June 1788 on Martinique, the son of an Irishman, Peter Dillon, probably a soldier stationed on the island. About 1806 Dillon appears to have sailed for Calcutta and he later traded sandalwood between the ...

Article

Elton, John (d. 1751), merchant and adventurer  

E. I. Carlyle

revised by S. Searight

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Elton, John (d. 1751), merchant and adventurer, is of unknown origins. He arrived in Russia in 1732 to present to the Russian government a memorandum for finding a northern sea passage to Japan. In 1735 the Russian government sent him with an official expedition, with ...

Article

Fitch, Ralph (1550?–1611), merchant and traveller  

Trevor Dickie

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Fitch, Ralph (1550?–1611), merchant and traveller, whose origins and date of birth are obscure, is first heard of when, by the age of twenty-four or twenty-five, he completed an apprenticeship in London and became a member of the Leathersellers' Company. In 1575 the company extended a loan of ...

Article

Gage, Joseph Edward (c. 1687–1766), adventurer  

G. Martin Murphy

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Gage, Joseph Edward (c. 1687–1766), adventurer, the younger son of Joseph Gage (1652–1700) and his wife, Elizabeth Penruddock (d. 1693), was born about 1687. His father, the third son of Sir Thomas Gage, of Firle, Sussex, inherited Shirburn Castle, Oxfordshire, about 1682 on the death of his aunt ...

Article

Gresham, Sir Richard (c. 1485–1549), mercer, merchant adventurer, and mayor of London  

Ian Blanchard

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Gresham, Sir Richard (c. 1485–1549), mercer, merchant adventurer, and mayor of London, was born at Holt, Norfolk, about 1485, probably the third of the four surviving sons—William, Thomas, Richard, and Sir John Gresham (c. 1495–1556)—of John Gresham and his wife, ...

Image

Cover Gresham, Sir Thomas (c. 1518–1579)

Gresham, Sir Thomas (c. 1518–1579)  

Maker: unknown artist

In 

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004
Sir Thomas Gresham (c. 1518–1579) by unknown artist, 1544 by courtesy of the Mercers' Company

Article

Gresham, Sir Thomas (c. 1518–1579), mercer, merchant adventurer, and founder of the Royal Exchange and Gresham College  

Ian Blanchard

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Gresham, Sir Thomas (c. 1518–1579), mercer, merchant adventurer, and founder of the Royal Exchange and Gresham College, the second of the two sons and two daughters of Sir Richard Gresham (c. 1485–1549) and his first wife, Audrey (d. 1522), the daughter of ...

Article

Grose, John Henry (b. 1732, d. in or after 1774), East India Company servant and writer on India  

John H. Farrant

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Grose, John Henry (b. 1732, d. in or after 1774), East India Company servant and writer on India, was born on 24 August 1732 in St Peter-le-Poer, City of London, probably at his father's house in Broad Street. He was the second of seven children of ...

Article

Holditch, Abraham (bap. 1639, d. 1678), naval officer and merchant adventurer privateer and treasure seeker  

E. W. L. Keymer

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Holditch, Abraham (bap. 1639, d. 1678), naval officer and merchant adventurer, was baptized on 12 May 1639 at Totnes, Devon. He was probably the son of William Holditch (d. 1646?) and his wife, Agnes (bap. 1617), formerly Jakes. He married at ...

Image

Cover Hotham, Sir Richard (1722–1799)

Hotham, Sir Richard (1722–1799)  

Maker: William Dudman

In 

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004
Sir Richard Hotham (1722–1799) by William Dudman, 1796 Town Hall, Bognor Regis; photograph © National Portrait Gallery, London

Article

Hotham, Sir Richard (1722–1799), merchant and founder of the resort of Bognor  

R. Iden

revised

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Hotham, Sir Richard (1722–1799), merchant and founder of the resort of Bognor, was born in York on 5 October 1722, the youngest of five children (of whom only he and his sister survived infancy) of Joseph Hotham, gentleman, and his wife, Sarah Bradley...

Article

Jobson, Richard (fl. 1620–1623), merchant and travel writer  

Christopher Fyfe

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Jobson, Richard (fl. 1620–1623), merchant and travel writer, described himself as a gentleman, but nothing is known of his family or youth beyond references in his book to experience in Ireland. In 1620 he was sent as one of the supercargoes on the third of a series of expeditions up the ...

Article

Knox, Robert (1641–1720), merchant and writer on Ceylon  

I. B. Watson

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Knox, Robert (1641–1720), merchant and writer on Ceylon, was born on 8 February 1641 on Tower Hill, London, the second child of Robert Knox (bap. 1606, d. 1661) and Abigail, née Bonnell (d. 1655/6). The Knox family came from Nacton, Suffolk...

Article

Lok, Michael (c. 1532–1620x22), mercer, merchant adventurer, and traveller  

James McDermott

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Lok, Michael (c. 1532–1620x22), mercer, merchant adventurer, and traveller, was born in Cheapside, London, the youngest of five surviving sons of Sir William Lok (1480–1550) and his second wife, Catherine, née Cooke (d. 1537), and the brother of Rose Throckmorton. By his own account ...

Article

Lok, Sir William (1480–1550), mercer and merchant adventurer  

James McDermott

Publication History:

Published in print:
23 September 2004
Published online:
23 September 2004

Lok, Sir William (1480–1550), mercer and merchant adventurer, was the second son of Thomas Lok and grandson of John Lok, sheriff of London in 1461, both of whom were also members of the Mercers' Company. Although formally admitted to the company only in 1507, ...