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Arnott, Neil (1788–1874), physician and public health reformer  

Bill Luckin

Arnott, Neil (1788–1874), physician and public health reformer, the son of William Arnott, a manufacturer and farmer, and his wife, Ann Maclean, was born at Arbroath in Forfarshire, Scotland, on 15 May 1788. A Roman Catholic by upbringing, he was educated by his mother, at the parish school of ...

Article

Boorde, Andrew (c. 1490–1549), physician and author  

Elizabeth Lane Furdell

Boorde, Andrew (c. 1490–1549), physician and author, was born at Borde Hill near Cuckfield, Sussex. Like many others in the field of healing he began his career as a monk. He was brought up at Oxford and admitted under age, in 1515, into the ...

Article

Fitzpatrick, Sir Jeremiah (c. 1740–1810), physician and campaigner for prison reform  

James Kelly

Fitzpatrick, Sir Jeremiah (c. 1740–1810), physician and campaigner for prison reform, was born in Kilbeggan, co. Westmeath. His background and early years are shrouded in obscurity, but circumstantial evidence points to the conclusion that his parents, of whom nothing is known, were Catholic and that they were comfortably off. He received a medical education abroad and though his graduating institution has not been identified ...

Article

Garencières, Theophilus (1610–c. 1680), physician  

Norman Moore

revised by Michael Bevan

Garencières, Theophilus (1610–c. 1680), physician, was born in Paris. After mastering the primer he was made to read The Prophecies of Nostradamus, and retained a love for them throughout his life. He graduated MD at Caen in Normandy in 1636. Garencières came to ...

Article

Ingen-Housz [Ingenhousz], Jan (1730–1799), physician and natural philosopher  

Charles Creighton

revised by Patricia Fara

Ingen-Housz [Ingenhousz], Jan (1730–1799), physician and natural philosopher, was born on 8 December 1730 at Breda, the Netherlands, the second son of Arnoldus Ingen-Housz, an affluent leather merchant, and his wife, Maria Beckers. After qualifying as a physician at the University of Louvain...

Article

Lopez [Lopes], Roderigo [Ruy, Roger] (c. 1517–1594), physician and alleged conspirator  

Edgar Samuel

Lopez [Lopes], Roderigo [Ruy, Roger] (c. 1517–1594), physician and alleged conspirator, was born in Portugal, where his father, António Lopes, was physician to João III. A New Christian, or son of a Jew baptized by force in 1497, he studied at the University of Coimbra...

Article

MacNeven, William James (1763–1841), physician and Irish nationalist  

David A. Wilson

MacNeven, William James (1763–1841), physician and Irish nationalist, was born on 21 March 1763 at Ballynahowne, near Aughrim in co. Galway, the eldest of the four children of James MacNeven, owner of a small estate, and Rosa Dolphin. His parents were Gaelic-speaking Catholics; according to family tradition, their ancestors had owned large tracts of land in the north of ...

Article

Munk, William (1816–1898), physician and biographer  

Norman Moore

revised by Patrick Wallis

Munk, William (1816–1898), physician and biographer, was born on 24 September 1816 at Battle, Sussex, the eldest of ten known children (four sons and six daughters) of William Munk (1792–1879), an ironmonger, and his first wife, Jane, née Kenward (1792–1838...

Article

Polidori, John William (1795–1821), physician and writer  

Nigel Leask

Polidori, John William (1795–1821), physician and writer, was born in London on 7 September 1795, the eldest son of eight children born to the immigrant Italian writer Gaetano Polidori (1764–1853) and his English wife, Anna Maria Pierce (d. 1853). Gaetano had served as secretary to the tragedian ...

Article

Sarmento, Jacob de Castro [formerly Henrique de Castro] (1692?–1762), physician and scientific writer  

Edgar Samuel

Sarmento, Jacob de Castro [formerly Henrique de Castro] (1692?–1762), physician and scientific writer, was born at Bragança, Portugal, as Henrique, the third son of Francisco de Castro de Almeida (b. 1651/2), tobacco merchant (estanqueiro), and his second wife, ...

Article

Scharpe, George (c. 1583–1638), physician  

J. G. Alger

revised by Sarah Bakewell

Scharpe, George (c. 1583–1638), physician, was born in Scotland, and studied medicine at Montpellier University, France. He graduated there in 1607, published his thesis, Quaestiones medicae, in 1617, and in 1619 was the successful candidate out of eleven applicants for the chair of medicine left vacant by the death of ...

Article

Sibbald, Sir Robert (1641–1722), physician and geographer  

Charles W. J. Withers

Sibbald, Sir Robert (1641–1722), physician and geographer, was born on 15 April 1641 in Blackfriars Wynd off Edinburgh's High Street, the fifth child and third son of David Sibbald (1589–1660), of Rankeillour, Fife, keeper of the great seal of Scotland, and his wife, ...